30 pages • 1 hour read
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Water emerges as a recurring symbol of the fluidity and elusive nature of time, especially as filtered through memory.
Early in the novel, during Tony’s school years, the flow of the Severn River seems “to be obeying its instructions” (35). It is easy for the young to feel in control of time, because they lack adult responsibilities and are looking forward into the future. As the narrative progresses, the main characters age, and water takes on more problematic connotations.
Just as water’s surface reflects distorted images, Tony’s recollections are subject to distortion and the passage of time. He comes to realize that memory, like water, can be turbulent and obscure, with hidden depths that defy easy comprehension. Like water, time is a “solvent” that erodes through its constant, quiet pressure.
The motif of water becomes increasingly potent during Tony’s interactions with Veronica and her family. The Ford home is near the sea, and water is often present in Tony and Veronica’s conversations, forcing itself into Tony’s mind. When Veronica tells Tony, “I don’t stagnate,” he tries to think about that, but “instead kept seeing an image of stagnant water, with thick scum and hovering mosquitoes” (34). Time will have its effects on Tony and his relationship with Veronica, whether he wishes it or not.
Adrian’s diary represents the hidden truths and subjective nature of memory and perception. Initially, Tony assumes the diary contains Adrian’s innermost thoughts and feelings. He tends to construct narratives based on a limited understanding of events. Yet when Tony finally reads a page of the diary, it challenges his assumptions and forces him to confront the fallibility of his own memories.
When Tony learns that the whole document was really a letter to him, his interpretation of its contents changes. Knowing that he’s the intended audience allows him to see meaning in the diary that had previously eluded him. Barnes suggests that textual analysis is shaped by our perspectives and the context we bring to our interpretations.
The concept of time pervades the novel and underpins its central ideas. Tony’s reflections on time underscore the problematic nature of consciousness and the limitations of memory. He grapples with temporality as an objective measure of history, realizing that its progression does not necessarily lead to an understanding of the past, but often instead to misunderstanding.
Time also intertwines with reflections on aging. The mortality that comes with age prompts Tony to interrogate his past actions and their permanent, irreversible impact. The novel has an open ending because the effects of our actions outlive us, becoming perhaps our only true immortality.
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By Julian Barnes